Romanticism in Hungary evolved side by side with the gradual creation of a middle class in the age of reform, the war of independence in 1848, and national resistance to Austrian oppression. With the development of urbanization, the constantly strengthening bourgeoisie became the main commissioners and sponsors of the arts. The basic conditions for art education and an art market were in place, while the majority of Hungarian artists, having completed their studies abroad, came back to begin their careers at home.