The largest lowland plain of Central Europe, the "Puszta" of Hortobágy was transformed from a populated area to abandoned wasteland both by changing natural conditions by the l7th century (deforestation) and several historical events (ravaging Tatar and Turkish military invasions).

The Herdsman's Museum of Hortobágy is situated in the tourist centre along the old trans-Hortobágy road, where the famous bridge with its nine arches and the wayside inn Csárda were built. The exhibition illustrates the collection of those objects that were used in the everyday life of the people - the traditions, tools and objects of a herdsman's life.